General Molecular Biology Calculations
Secret encoding tool
Secret encoding tool to encode secret messages in DNA sequence. Alternatively use DNA-0-gram Generator, which allows one to send a DNA-o-gram or decode a DNA-o-gram.
Unit Converter
Unit Converter allows you to check all types of metric conversion of measurement units, for example: length, weight, height, area, temperature, time, pressure, speed, force, volume, data storage, fuel consumption, energy, degree, and number conversion. It also includes online calculators for basic and advanced math calculations such as percentage, mortgage, fraction, interest rate, loan, tax, GST, tip, work, algebra, finance, and health.
Calculations
Calculations (Zbio.net, Russia) includes tools for spectrophotometric measurement of nucleic acid concentration and conversions such as speed of rotation [krpm] to relative centrifuge force [kg].
Additional calculations include:
- Conversion: radioactivity to biological amount of dNTPs.
- Conversion: weight to moles for proteins.
- Conversion: weight to moles for nucleic acids.
- Conversion: DNA to protein.
- Conversion: molar quantity to molar concentration.
- Conversion: units of measurement.
- Estimation of time for bacteria growth.
Protocols
Protocols (Zbio.net, Russia) provides an extensive set of data and calculators for:
BioMath Calculators
BioMath Calculators (Promega Corp., U.S.A.) includes DNA and protein unit conversions, temperature conversions (°C, °F and °K), and Tm calculations for oligonucleotides, including adjustments for Mg+2 concentration.
Good Calculators
Good Calculators provides a variety of free online calculators, including math, physics, engineering, and conversion calculators.
Nucleic acid calculator
Nucleic acid calculator (Kenkyuu-Ryuugaku NET) or Oligo Calc: Oligonucleotide Properties Calculator can be used to calculate DNA, RNA, and oligonucleotide concentrations from A260nm values. A similar site is available here.
Physical mapping calculator - library construction
Physical mapping calculator - library construction (Andrei Grigoriev) shows diagrammatically how clone size and number influence what percentage of the genome is covered.
Updated: February, 2026